Les infirmières sont-elles prêtes à mettre en œuvre les soins basés sur la génomique? Étude transversale descriptive menée en sol canadien

Rebecca Puddester, Angela Hyde, Holly Etchegary, Kathleen Stevens, April Pike, Joy Maddigan

Abstract


Introduction : Les professionnels de l’oncologie ont besoin d’outils pour soutenir les patients dans un contexte où les soins évoluent constamment et où la génomique occupe une place de plus en plus grande. Or, on sait peu de choses de la préparation des infirmières en oncologie canadiennes à prodiguer des soins oncologiques basés sur la génomique.

Objectif : Décrire, dans un premier temps, les facteurs qui influencent l’intégration de la génomique dans la pratique des infirmières en oncologie de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador (T.-N.-L) (c’est-à-dire les connaissances, l’attitude, la confiance, les pratiques actuelles et les influences du système social) et, dans un deuxième temps, les facteurs permettant de prédire leurs connaissances en génomique.

Méthodologie : Une enquête transversale a été menée en ligne de septembre 2023 à février 2024 auprès d’infirmières en oncologie de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador. Les variables associées à l’intégration des pratiques basées sur la génomique ont été mesurées à l’aide de l’outil Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory ou GNCIMD (inventaire des concepts de génomique en soins infirmiers) et de certaines questions modifiées tirées du Genetics Genomics Nursing Practice Survey ou GGNPS (sondage sur la pratique infirmière en génétique et en génomique). Des statistiques descriptives et inférentielles ont été dressées pour présenter le portrait des résultats. 

Résultats : Le sondage a été rempli par 50 infirmières en oncologie de la province. En tout, 46 % des participantes ont dit que des patients avaient abordé avec elles le sujet de la génomique au cours des trois derniers mois, mais elles jugeaient que leurs niveaux de connaissances et de confiance par rapport à ces pratiques étaient faibles dans l’ensemble. Malgré tout, les participantes manifestaient une attitude largement positive à l’égard des avantages de la génomique et une volonté d’en apprendre davantage.

Conclusion : Les résultats mettent en lumière des occasions de soutenir les infirmières en oncologie en leur fournissant de la formation axée sur la pratique ainsi que des ressources pour les préparer à répondre aux besoins et aux attentes en constante évolution des patients en ce qui concerne les soins basés sur la génomique.

Mots-clés : génomique, oncologie de précision, infirmières en oncologie, cancer héréditaire

DOI:10.5737/2368807636155


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