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Défis et obstacles de l’accompagnement en soins palliatifs : revue de la littérature scientifique
Abstract
Contexte : Bien que l’on note une certaine progression de l’administration des soins palliatifs à un stade précoce de la prise en charge thérapeutique, un nombre considérable de personnes atteintes de maladies chroniques mortelles ne les recevront qu’en phase terminale, voire jamais.
Objectif : Cette revue vise à mieux comprendre les défis et les obstacles qui entravent l’accès précoce aux soins palliatifs, et à trouver des solutions pour corriger la situation.
Méthodologie : Le diagramme de flux PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) a servi de cadre à cette étude. Nous avons procédé au dépouillement de plusieurs bases de données, notamment Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) et Scopus.
Résultats : Les résultats de cette étude ont révélé une variété de défis et d’obstacles liés à l’administration de soins palliatifs. Parmi ces obstacles, on compte les enjeux culturels, les ressources insuffisantes (p. ex. la médication et l’éducation), le peu de recherches en soins palliatifs et le manque de programmes de formation. Surmonter ces éléments contribuerait à améliorer l’accès aux soins palliatifs.
Conclusion : Les patients et les membres de leur famille se heurtent à de multiples défis et obstacles lorsqu’ils tentent d’avoir recours aux soins palliatifs. Pour redresser cette situation, les décideurs politiques et les planificateurs de soins qui œuvrent dans le système de santé devraient établir un cadre pour favoriser une approche palliative adaptée aux ressources et aux enjeux culturels.
Mots-clés : soins palliatifs, défis, obstacles, accès
DOI:10.5737/23688076355721
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