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Revue intégrative des stratégies de prévention et de traitement de la fatigue de compassion chez les infirmières en oncologie
Abstract
La fatigue (ou usure) de compassion est un mélange de traumatisme secondaire et d’épuisement professionnel cumulatif résultant d’une difficulté à composer avec son environnement. De par la nature de leurs fonctions, les infirmières en oncologie sont particulièrement sujettes à la fatigue de compassion. Les conclusions de la présente revue intégrative révèlent un manque de sensibilité et de compréhension envers les infirmières en oncologie qui éprouvent de la fatigue de compassion, et ce, même s’il s’agit d’un groupe à haut risque. Il sera ici question de l’efficacité des stratégies d’autosoins, de pleine conscience et d’interventions visant à renforcer la résilience pour surmonter la fatigue de compassion. Certaines études suggèrent que les interventions préventives seraient plus efficaces que les interventions curatives. Il est essentiel de promouvoir et de protéger le bien-être des infirmières en oncologie; c’est aux organisations, aux administrations, aux établissements d’enseignement, aux équipes soignantes et à chaque infirmière d’y voir.
Mots-clés : fatigue de compassion, traumatisme secondaire, traumatisme vicariant, épuisement professionnel, oncologie, infirmière
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