Étude de validation du concept iCope : intervention téléphonique de psychoéducation menée par des infirmières auprès de patientes suivies dans un centre de diagnostic rapide à cause d’une anomalie au sein
Abstract
Entre la découverte d’une lésion suspecte dans un sein et la confirmation du diagnostic, de nombreuses femmes vivent de l’incertitude, une anxiété accrue et une grande détresse psychologique. La présente étude de validation de principe évalue les résultats cliniques et l’acceptabilité de l’approche iCope, une intervention téléphonique de psychoéducation menée par des infirmières dont le but est d’aider à renforcer la capacité d’adaptation, de calmer l’anxiété et de réduire l’incertitude des femmes suivies dans un centre de diagnostic rapide (CDR) afin d’obtenir, le jour même ou dans les trois jours suivants, les résultats de leur dépistage du cancer du sein. Une infirmière faisait un bref appel téléphonique de 15 minutes avant la journée d’examens, puis trois jours après la réception des résultats., L’approche était fondée sur la théorie de l’incertitude et adoptait un format d’étude pré-test/post-test à une seule branche. Six femmes ont répondu aux questionnaires de mesure de l’anxiété, de l’incertitude et de la capacité d’adaptation avant leur visite à la clinique, puis trois jours, et enfin trois semaines après avoir reçu le diagnostic. Selon les résultats de l’étude, la mise en œuvre des interventions téléphoniques n’est pas simple, mais elle pourrait avoir des effets positifs, c’est-à -dire qu’on a observé une certaine diminution de l’anxiété et de l’incertitude au fil du temps. Étant donné les difficultés à recruter des participantes et à tenir les deux interventions selon le calendrier prévu, une étude de faisabilité est recommandée avant de mener une étude à grande échelle.
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