Factors influencing breast cancer screening practices among women of reproductive age in South Kayonza District, Rwanda

Pierre Céléstin Igiraneza, Lilian A. Omondi, Bellancille Nikuze, Marie Goretti Uwayezu, Margaret Fitch, Gaudence Niyonsenga

Abstract


Introduction: Breast cancer in Rwanda is a major concern for women’s health, as most breast cancer diagnoses are made at an advanced stage. Yet, diagnosis can be done early with breast cancer screening practices. 

Aim: To assess factors influencing breast cancer screening practices among women of reproductive age in South Kayonza District of Rwanda.

Methodology: A quantitative survey was conducted with 246 women between 16 and 49 years of age from four health centres in South Kayonza District. A structured, pretested, and self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the influence of knowledge, health facilities, and socioeconomic and cultural factors on breast screening practices among women in South Kayonza. 

Result: Among all respondents, 55.5% had moderate knowledge about breast cancer risk factors and 60.2% also had moderate knowledge on the influence of breast cancer screening. While 28% were knowledgeable about Breast Self-Examination (BSE), 16.4% were knowledgeable about Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) and breast ultrasound. Responses about the practice of breast screening in the last two years showed 72% of respondents had never practiced BSE and 81.3% had not used CBE or breast ultrasound scan. The main source of information about breast cancer screening was the radio, used by 30.4% of respondents. Significant relationships were found between age and marital status with breast cancer screening practices. 

Conclusion: This study revealed low levels of knowledge about breast cancer, breast cancer screening, and practice regarding breast cancer screening. There is a need to promote awareness of breast cancer and create a program, which can influence breast cancer screening knowledge and practice to ultimately improve health among women in south Kayonza. 


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