Expérience de radiothérapie du cancer de la tête et du cou : avant, pendant et après le traitement

Maurene McQuestion, Margaret I. Fitch

Abstract


Jusqu’à maintenant, la recherche dans le domaine des cancers de la tête et du cou a surtout porté sur l’efficacité des modalités de traitement, ainsi que sur l’évaluation et la prise en charge des toxicités et des effets secondaires du traitement. On a peu ou pas tenté de comprendre le vécu des patients en radiothérapie du cancer. 

La présente étude qualitative avait pour objectif d’explorer le vécu des personnes traitées en radiothérapie du cancer de la tête et du cou. Nous avons reçu 17 sujets en entrevue. Pour l’analyse, nous avons fait appel à la méthode de description interprétative de Thorne (1997) et à la technique analytique de Giorgi. Cinq principaux thèmes ressortent des vécus exprimés dans les entrevues : 1) recherche d’un sens au diagnostic; 2) détresse consécutive au bouleversement des plans; 3) plus grande conscience de soi, des autres et du réseau de la santé; 4) stratégies pour « passer au travers » du traitement; 5) fait de vivre dans l’incertitude. Les résultats de l’étude ont contribué à l’élaboration de programmes d’éducation et d’aide pour les personnes atteintes d’un cancer de la tête et du cou et leur famille.


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